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:''Not to be confused with Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1793, a second and lengthier declaration, written in 1793 but never formally adopted.'' The Declaration of the rights of Man and of the Citizen (), passed by France's National Constituent Assembly in August 1789, is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights.〔The French title is sometimes translated as "Declaration of Human and Civic Rights".〕 The Declaration was directly influenced by Thomas Jefferson, working with General Lafayette, who introduced it. Influenced also by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place, pertaining to human nature itself. It became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by law. It is included in the preamble of the constitutions of both the Fourth French Republic (1946) and Fifth Republic (1958) and is still current. Inspired in part by the American Revolution, and also by the Enlightenment philosophers, the Declaration was a core statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a major impact on the development of liberty and democracy in Europe and worldwide. The declaration, together with the American Declaration of Independence, Constitution, and Bill of Rights, inspired in large part the 1948 United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.〔Douglas K. Stevenson (1987), ''American Life and Institutions'', Stuttgart (Germany), p.34〕 == History == The inspiration and content of the document emerged largely from the ideals of the American Revolution. The key drafts were prepared by Lafayette, working at times with his close friend Thomas Jefferson,〔Susan Dunn, ''Sister Revolutions: French Lightning, American Light'' (1999) pp 143-45〕 who drew heavily upon The Virginia Declaration of Rights, drafted in May 1776 by George Mason (which was based in part on the English Bill of Rights 1689), as well as Jefferson's own drafts for the American Declaration of Independence. In August 1789, Honoré Mirabeau played a central role in conceptualizing and drafting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.〔Keith Baker, "The Idea of a Declaration of Rights" in Dale Van Kley, ed. ''The French Idea of Freedom: The Old Regime and the Declaration of Rights of 1789'' (1997) pp 154-96.〕 The last article of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was adopted on 26 August 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly, during the period of the French Revolution, as the first step toward writing a constitution for France. Inspired by the Enlightenment, the original version of the Declaration was discussed by the representatives on the basis of a 24 article draft proposed by ,〔The original draft is an annex to the 12 August report (Archives parlementaires, 1,e série, tome VIII, (débats du 12 août 1789 ), p. 431).〕〔Archives parlementaires, 1e série, tome VIII, (débats du 19 août 1789 ), p. 459.〕 led by Jérôme Champion de Cicé. The draft was later modified during the debates. A second and lengthier declaration, known as the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1793, was written in 1793 but never formally adopted. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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